This time of year, who doesn’t experience a little extra sluggishness? Sure, the weather and inadequate sunlight could explain why your pet doesn’t want to play, but it’s equally possible something else is going on. Characterized by a slackening metabolism, hypothyroidism could be to blame. We can help you understand what to look for and how to help your pet through this common condition.
A Look at the Thyroid
Located in the front of the neck near the trachea, the thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism. Consequently, when the thyroid isn’t producing enough hormones, a pet’s metabolism can slow down. Hypothyroidism, an endocrine (hormonal) disease, is characterized by inadequate amounts of thyroid hormones.
Why This Occurs
A majority of pets with hypothyroidism develop the condition because of the following:
- Thyroiditis, a process in which the pet’s immune system creates inflammation in the gland leading to healthy tissue loss.
- Atrophy, which is the result of fat and connective tissue replacing normal thyroid tissue. This may or may not be related to thyroiditis.
- Thyroid gland cancer
- Pituitary gland diseases
- Trauma
- Birth defects
There may also be an age component, as most pets are about 6-7 years old when diagnosed. Hypothyroidism may affect spayed/neutered pets more than intact pets. While any pet can be be diagnosed with hypothyroidism, the following breeds may be slightly more likely to experience the condition:
- Dalmatian
- Husky
- Golden retriever
- Cocker spaniel
- Boxer
- English setter
- Akita
Symptoms of Hypothyroidism
As a result of the metabolism slowing down, the following symptoms of hypothyroidism may become noticeable:
- Weight gain
- Lack of energy
- Cold intolerance
- Mental sluggishness
- Impaired coordination
- Dull coat and skin
- Skin or ear infections
- Slower heart rate
Routine lab work can reveal problems related to the kidneys, circulation system, and may even show anemia. Measuring thyroid values in the blood can confirm a diagnosis of hypothyroidism.
Treatment of Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism in pets can be treated with a synthetic hormone administered on a routine, daily basis. While most pets respond very well to medication, it is something they must take for the rest of the animal’s life. Improvement in behavior, appearance, and energy will occur after a few months.
We recommend ongoing monitoring, follow-up diagnostics, and regular exams to ensure the success of treatment. If there are other issues concurrent with the diagnosis of hypothyroidism, such as anemia or kidney disease, we will work closely with pet owners to achieve overall health through medications and supplemental nutrition.
If you have any questions or concerns about your pet’s weight, appearance or behavior, please give us a call at (404) 633‑6163. The sooner our veterinarians can tend to your pet’s health, the sooner they can return to their normal state of being.